Data security is the safeguarding of the systems and data belonging to an organization against unauthorized access, modification and use. This helps in preventing data breaches that can lead to business disruption financial loss as well as compliance penalties and reputational damage. Modern methods to protect data include a combination of tools, technologies and best practices that focus on the three pillars of data protection that include: Confidentiality (preventing information from being seen or read without authorization) and Integrity (ensuring that information is accurate and unaltered) and the availability (ensuring that data is available when needed).

The first step towards effective data security is creating and maintaining an inventory and mapping of your data sets. Data cataloguing in your data centers, network-connected devices like desktops, mobiles cloud services and software applications is vital. It is important to think about physical storage like USB sticks and external hard drives, and even discarded documents and printed files. They are often ignored and can contain a wealth of confidential information, which makes them a prime target for cybercriminals.

Once you are aware of your data sets, you will need to classify sensitive data to know where and how it is located within your infrastructure. This will help you prioritize security measures, making sure that only the most vital information is protected, and that less important information is accessible. This also allows you to adhere to regulatory and industry requirements, such as those applicable to finance, health care and communications.

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